Minimum Increment Operations to Make Array Beautiful

Example 1

Input: nums = [2,3,0,0,2], k = 4

Output: 3

Explanation: We can perform the following increment operations to make nums beautiful: Choose index i = 1 and increase nums[1] by 1 -> [2,4,0,0,2]. Choose index i = 4 and increase nums[4] by 1 -> [2,4,0,0,3]. Choose index i = 4 and increase nums[4] by 1 -> [2,4,0,0,4]. The subarrays with a size of 3 or more are: [2,4,0], [4,0,0], [0,0,4], [2,4,0,0], [4,0,0,4], [2,4,0,0,4]. In all the subarrays, the maximum element is equal to k = 4, so nums is now beautiful. It can be shown that nums cannot be made beautiful with fewer than 3 increment operations. Hence, the answer is 3.

Example 2

Input: nums = [0,1,3,3], k = 5

Output: 2

Explanation: We can perform the following increment operations to make nums beautiful: Choose index i = 2 and increase nums[2] by 1 -> [0,1,4,3]. Choose index i = 2 and increase nums[2] by 1 -> [0,1,5,3]. The subarrays with a size of 3 or more are: [0,1,5], [1,5,3], [0,1,5,3]. In all the subarrays, the maximum element is equal to k = 5, so nums is now beautiful. It can be shown that nums cannot be made beautiful with fewer than 2 increment operations. Hence, the answer is 2.

Example 3

Input: nums = [1,1,2], k = 1

Output: 0

Explanation: The only subarray with a size of 3 or more in this example is [1,1,2]. The maximum element, 2, is already greater than k = 1, so we don't need any increment operation. Hence, the answer is 0.